The Influence of Media on Society in the 21st Century Essay

The influence of media on society in the 21st century is undeniable. Of all the types of media, music and books stand out as two of the main strands that influences people the most. They are both invaluable resources of knowledge and entertainment that can be accessed by all age groups. However, the most important aspect of music and books that has made them so prominent to the 21st century audience is that it offers a wide range of genres and styles. Consequently, Music and books have become the principal method of entertainment in the lives of many, as it bestows upon people the opportunity to free themselves from reality, and exist in their own fantasy worlds. By comparing and contrasting the impact of music and books, a superior†¦show more content†¦The internet is an important tool for these singers to reach out to his or her fans. Websites such as Facebook and Twitter have been used as a way to do so. The internet has been used as a haven for illegal activities as well , one of them is piracy. When one mentions the internet, the first matter that comes to mind is piracy. The number of cases of online piracy has skyrocketed in the last few years. Websites such as The Pirate Bay and Mininova have been instrumental in this uprising of universal outcry for changes in copyright laws. Of all the types of media, books and music have been two of the most pirated. Full music albums are available to download for free on websites and eBooks have been pirated in large quantities. This movement of online piracy has influenced the population. Buying music is unheard of and ridiculed, while books are now downloaded more than they are bought in stores. This trend of electronic downloading instead of the old fashioned buying from a store has influenced our society immensely. Not only does it make books and music more affordable, it also makes it much more convenient for users, as they can gain access to full albums of music and books from the comfort of their home s. However, this trend of piracy also has its downside. Lesser known artists and authors whom need the sales from their books and music to make a living are now unable to because their works are publicly available for free on the internet.Show MoreRelatedTeacher s Role Of 21st Century : Personal Debate - Module / Week 51385 Words   |  6 PagesTeacher’s Role in 21st Century: Personal Debate - Module/Week 5 The purpose of this paper is to fulfill the assignment objectives by clarifying the characteristics of a 21st century teacher, and considering them against the characteristics of the â€Å"traditional† teacher. 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Mtv Arabian Challenge - 7403 Words

BSTR/294 ICMR Center for Management Research MTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge This case was written by Debapratim Purkayastha, ICMR Center for Management Research. It was compiled from published sources, and is intended to be used as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a management situation. For use by students of Icfai Flexible Learning programs. Not to be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means. 2008, ICMR. All rights reserved. To order copies, call 0091-40-2343-0462/63 or write to ICMR, Plot # 49, Nagarjuna Hills, Hyderabad 500 082, India or email info@icmrindia.org. www.icmrindia.org BSTR/294 MTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge â€Å"[†¦]†¦show more content†¦While launching MTV Arabia, William H. Roedy (Roedy), Vice Chairman for MTV Networks and President of MTVI, said, â€Å"Tonight‟s [November 16, 2007] MTV Arabia launch show celebrates one of the most important landmarks in MTV‟s 25-year history. MTV Arabia will reach the largest potential audience of any MTV channel outside the United States. MTV is proud to celebrate the voice of the Arab youth and through our global network we can showcase what this rich and diverse culture is all about to new audiences around the world.†5 BACKGROUND NOTE MTV (short for Music Television), which pioneered the concept of a cable music channel, was launched on August 1, 1981, and marked the commencement of the cable TV revolution. It was promoted by Warner Amex Satellite Entertainment Company, a joint venture between Warner Communications and American Express. In 1984, the company was renamed MTV Networks (MTVN) with its operations confined to the US. At the time of its launch, the MTV channel primarily catered to those in the 12 to 24 age group, airing heavy-metal and rap music. However, over the years, it also launched many sister channels such as VH-1(short for video hits one) which was formed in 1985 to play light popular music; Rhythm and Blues (RB,Show MoreRelatedMtv Networks: the Arabian Challenge1338 Words   |  6 PagesMTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge 1. Question 1 Experts felt that one of the biggest challenges faced by MTV while launching MTV Arabia was the prevalent culture in the Arab world. Discuss the Arab culture. How is it expected to pose a challenge to MTV? First of all, it is impossible to talk about groups of people without generalizing. At this point it must be emphasized that there is not just â€Å"one† Arab culture or society. The Arab world is full of rich and diverse communities, groupsRead MoreMtv Networks: the Arabian Challenge4307 Words   |  18 PagesICMR Case Collection Co p y Icfai Center for Management Research MTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge o D . N ot BSTR294 - Teaching Note ï›™ 2009, Icfai Center for Management Research. 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There cannot have sex until marriage. Their cannot use slang language and there are anti-American. MTV has multiple challenge while doing their television show in Saudi Arabia. One of the problem were the language translation. It did not usually translate properly or reveal a very explicit sexual message. MTV still maintain their Western ties which led to most of their shows being censored. Only forty percent of Arabic teenagers watch this program. TheRead MoreArab Culture and MTV708 Words   |  3 PagesMTV Networks launched MTV Arabia in a partnership with Arabian Television Network and as part of a global standard. On one side of the debate, proponents believed that introducing MTV to the region would provide more of an international connection to youth that is craving both information and participation from the West. On the other side, more conservative Islamic elements see the Western cultural influence as decadent and divisive. 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Automation Billing System Free Essays

International School of Informatics Management Jaipur Project on Supermarket Billing System By Ankita Aggrawal Neha Chaturvedi Devendra Singh Sisodia (Students of MCA IV- Semester, Group No. 20) Under Mr. Vijay Singh Rathore Assistant Professor IIIM Synopsis of Supermarket Billing System Introduction The project is on Supermarket Billing. We will write a custom essay sample on Automation Billing System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Supermarket is the place where customers come to purchase their daily using products and pay for that. So there is a need to calculate how many products are sold and to generate the bill for the customer. In our project we have 3 users. First is the data entry operator who will enter the products in database. Second one is the administrator who will decide the taxes and commissions on the products and can see the report of any product. Third one is the bill calculating operator who will calculate the bill and print. Objective â€Å"To make software fast in processing, with good user interface so that user can change it and it should be used for a long time without error and maintenance. † Work Flow Work in the Supermarket will be done in the following way: 1. The product will come in the store. 2. Data entry operator will enter the information of the product in database. 3. The Administrator will enter the taxes and commissions for each product. 4. The customer will come and take the basket with him/her and choose the product and took it to the counter. 5. The bill calculating operator will check the products with the bar code detecting machine then it will match with product-id then it will show its information and price and the bill will be calculated and total payment will shown. 6. Customer will pay for the products. 7. All the products will be packed and delivered to the customer. Modules We will use 5 modules in this project. These are as follows: Module 1: Login–Id This module is made for the login of users. We know that we have 3 users so login-id is for: 1. Administrator 2. Data Entry Operator 3. Bill Calculating Operator Module 2: Apply taxes and commissions This module is for administrator who will 1. Set the taxes for the products. 2. Set the commissions for the products. Module 3: Check the Report This module is also for the administrator who can generate or check the report of the product and how many products are sold on particular date or in a period of time. Module 4: Enter the information about products This module is for data entry operator who will 1. Enter which products come in the store. 2. Prices and expiry date of the product. Module-5: Calculate the bill This module is for bill calculating operator who will 1. Calculate the bill. 2. Print it. Scope Our project has a big scope to do. We can: 1. Calculate the bill. 2. Give the bill to the customer. 3. Store how many products are sold. 4. Store products and their prices and with other information. 5. Set the rates of taxes and commission on the products. 6. Can see the report of the product in a fix period of time. 7. Change the Graphical User Interface of the system. We can’t: 1. Calculate of the salaries of the employees. 2. Calculate the expanses on the product. Database Database is used to store data on the computer and fast retrieval of the data so we use Oracle 8i. We will make database by entering values in different tables like tables for the login-id, products in the store, etc. Programming Languages We will use following languages for the coding: Front End: Visual Basic 6 Back End: Microsoft Access SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION Description of the Existing System Many Supermarkets use this type of billing system for a decade. It is also improved many times according to requirements of sellers and customers. It does the same work that is calculating the bill, gives it to the customer and maintain proper database. They are accurate in calculation and printing, they also generate records. A new concept is also added in the billing system is that they also maintain relationships with the customers who purchase more products from the store regularly. System also concerns their requirements and gives them more commission. It also shows the overall profit and profit on a particular product and give repots which items are required and which have cross their expiry date. Bottlenecks of the Existing System Every system has pros and cons so existing system also have many advantages and disadvantages. So the bottlenecks of the existing system are as follows: 1. User Interface: User Interface is not so much good that operators feel some problems in working. 2. Graphical User Interface: GUI is not good so the operators get bored by watching screen. 3. Processing speed: Processing speed of the software is not so much good to operate fast. 4. Flexible: Existing system is not so much flexible that can be changed according to the operators and customers. 5. Automatic generation of the Reports: Not able to automatically generate the reports and documents. 6. Workload: Sometimes the system hangs when workload is more. 7. Error Free: Sometimes the system gives error in the calculation in making the bill and in the information of the products due to workload. 8. Man Power: Existing system uses so many people to operate the system. 9. Resources: System does not use the resources properly. Advantages of the Proposed System To reduce the bottlenecks of the existing system there is a need to develop a new system. The new system should concern the requirements of the customer and the sellers. It has the following qualities: 1. Reduction in processing cost. 2. Error reduction. 3. Automatic posting. 4. Improve reporting. 5. Automatic production of the documents and Reports. 6. Faster response time. 7. Ability to meet user requirements. 8. Flexibility. 9. Reduced dependency. 10. Improves resource uses. 11. Reduction in use of the paper. 12. Reduction in Man Power. Proposed system has these qualities including the qualities of the existing system. Feasibility Study â€Å"Feasibility Study† is a test of the system according to its workability, impact of the organization, ability to meet user needs and effective use of the resources. We can test our system by different type of the feasibilities. There are 5 types of the feasibilities which are discussed here. These are as follows: 1. Technical Feasibility: A study of resources availability that may affect the ability to achieve an acceptable system. This evaluation determines whether the technology needed for the proposed system is available or not. This system can be made in any language that support good user interface and easy database handling. Technical needs may include: Front-End Selection: Front-End means a language that is used for user interface designing and coding. Front-End should have following qualities: It must have a graphical user interface that assist employees that are not from some IT background. Scalability and Extensibility Robustness According to the organization requirements and culture. Must provide excellent reporting features with good printing support. Platform independent. Easy to deploy and maintain. Event driven programming. Front-End must support some popular Back-End like MS Access, SQL Server and Oracle. According to the above stated features we selected Visual C#. Net as Front –End for developing our project. Visual C#. Net is used in Microsoft Visual Studio. Net 2003. Back-End Selection: Back-End means a language that is used for database management. Back-End should have following qualities: Multiple user support. Provide inherent feature for security. Efficient data retrieval and maintenance. Stored procedures. Popularity. Operating System compatible. Easy to install. Various drivers must be available. Efficient data handling. Easy to implement with Front-End. According to the above stated features we selected Oracle as Back–End for developing our project. We will use Oracle 8i specifically because it has more feature features then other later versions and it is easy to make and maintain database. It is also easy to implement Oracle 8i with Visual C#. Net in Microsoft Visual Studio. Net 2003. 2. Economical Feasibility: In this we consider following costs: 1. The cost to conduct a full system investigation. 2. The cost of hardware and software for class of application being considered. 3. The benefit in the form of the reduced cost. Our system has a lot of features at a minimum cost so it is feasible to implement and it will be very much beneficial to the sellers in the reduced cost. It’s software and hardware cost is also low then the existing system. 3. Operational Feasibility: In this feasibility we consider following points: 1. What changes will be brought with the system. 2. What new skills will be required? Do the existing staff members have these skills? If not, can they be trained in due course of time? In the new system we made some major changes for the staff members so that they have to be trained to use the newly added facilities. These major changes are possible and give a new era in the Supermarket in production and sales management. 4. Schedule Feasibility: Time evaluation is most important consideration in development of the project. So the project is concerned should be completed with fixed in scheduled time as far as company is concerned. New system is not so much big so it is easy to make in few days. 5. Behavioral Feasibility: People are inherently resisted to change and a computer means â€Å"change is the only certainty†. An estimate should be made of how strong a reaction the user staff in going to have towards development of new system. Thus special efforts can be made to educate and train the staff. SCREEN SHOTS Project on Supermarket Billing System Coding Private Sub Command1_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Image1_Click() End Sub Private Sub Label3_Click() End Sub Change Password Coding Dim db As Database Dim rs As Recordset Dim style As VbMsgBoxStyle Dim result As VbMsgBoxResult Private Sub Command1_Click() If Text1. Text = rs! Password Then rs. Edit rs! Password = Text2. Text rs. Update Beep result = MsgBox(â€Å"Password Suuccessfully Changed. â€Å", style, â€Å"Supermarket Billing 1. 0†) Unload Me Else result = MsgBox(â€Å"Incorrect Password. â€Å", style, â€Å"Supermarket Billing 1. 0†) Text1. Text = â€Å"† Text2. Text = â€Å"† Text1. SetFocus End If End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Set db = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"password. mdb†) Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) End Sub Employee Pay slip Coding Dim a As String Dim rs As Recordset Dim rs1 As Recordset Dim rs2 As Recordset Dim db As Database Dim db1 As Database Private Sub Combo1_Click() Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select * from Table1†) rs. MoveFirst Text1. Text = â€Å"† Text2. Text = â€Å"† Text3. Text = â€Å"† Text4. Text = â€Å"† Text5. Text = â€Å"† While Not rs. EOF If Combo1. Text = rs! Name Then Text1. Text = rs! designation Text2. Text = rs! salary End If rs. MoveNext Wend End Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() MDIForm1. Enabled = True Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() rs1. AddNew rs1! Name = Combo1. Text rs1! designation = Text1. Text rs1! salary = Text2. Text rs1! leaves = Text3. Text rs1! ot = Text4. Text rs1! deductions = Text5. Text rs1! netsalary = Text6. Text rs1! Date = Label9. Caption rs1! Time = Label8. Caption rs1. Update Beep Beep rs2. AddNew rs2! Name = Combo1. Text rs2! designation = Text1. Text rs2! salary = Text2. Text rs2! leaves = Text3. Text rs2! ot = Text4. Text rs2! deductions = Text5. Text rs2! netsalary = Text6. Text rs2! Date = Label9. Caption rs2! Time = Label8. Caption rs2. Update CrystalReport1. Action = False End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() Dim a As Integer Dim b As Integer Dim ot As Integer Dim net As Integer Dim ded As Integer a = Val(Text3. Text) b = Val(Text4. Text) ded = a * 10 Text5. Text = ded ot = b * 5 Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select * from Table1†) rs. MoveFirst While Not rs. EOF If Combo1. Text = rs! Name Then net = Val(rs! salary) + ot – ded End If rs. MoveNext Wend Text6. Text = net Command2. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Command2. Enabled = False Command3. Enabled = False Set db = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"emp. mdb†) Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select name from Table1†) rs. MoveFirst While Not rs. EOF Combo1. AddItem rs! Name rs. MoveNext Wend Label9. Caption = Date Set db1 = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"payslip. mdb†) Set rs1 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) Set rs2 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table2†) db1. Execute (â€Å"delete * from Table1†) End Sub Private Sub Label9_Click() End Sub Private Sub Text4_Click() Command3. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() Label8. Caption = Time End Sub View Employee’s Detail Coding Private Sub Command1_Click() Text3. SetFocus Text1. Text = â€Å"† Text3. Text = â€Å"† Text2. Text = â€Å"† Text5. Text = â€Å"† Text4. Text = â€Å"† rs. MoveFirst End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() While Not rs. EOF If rs! code = Text3. Text Then Text3. Text = rs! code Text1. Text = rs! Name Text2. Text = rs! ddress Text5. Text = rs! designation Text4. Text = rs! salary End If rs. MoveNext Wend End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Set db = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"emp. mdb†) Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) ‘Text1. SetFocus End Sub Privat e Sub Text3_Change() End Sub Save Employee’s Details Coding Dim i As Integer Private Sub Combo1_Click() Command1. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() rs! code = Text1. Text rs! Name = Text3. Text rs! address = Text2. Text rs! designation = Combo1. Text rs! salary = Text4. Text rs. Update Command1. Enabled = False Text1. Text = â€Å"† Text2. Text = â€Å"† Text3. Text = â€Å"† Text4. Text = â€Å"† ‘Combo1. Text = â€Å"† End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() i=i+1 Text1. Text = i rs. AddNew Text1. Enabled = False Text2. Enabled = True Text3. Enabled = True Text4. Enabled = True Combo1. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Text1. Enabled = False Text2. Enabled = False Text3. Enabled = False Text4. Enabled = False Combo1. Enabled = False Command1. Enabled = False Combo1. AddItem (â€Å"Manager â€Å") Combo1. AddItem (â€Å"Cashier â€Å") Combo1. AddItem (â€Å"Accountant â€Å") Combo1. AddItem (â€Å"Sales â€Å") Combo1. AddItem (â€Å"Security â€Å") Combo1. AddItem (â€Å"Sweeper â€Å") Set db = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"emp. mdb†) Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) rs. MoveLast Text1. Text = rs! code i = rs! code End Sub Private Sub Text1_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) If KeyAscii = 13 Then Text2. SetFocus End If End Sub Total Stock Coding Dim db As Database Dim rs As Recordset Dim rs1 As Recordset Private Sub Combo1_Click() Set rs1 = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"select * from Table1 â€Å") Text1. Text = â€Å"† rs1. MoveFirst While Not rs1. EOF If Combo1. Text = rs1! itemname Then Text1. Text = Val(rs1! quantity) + Val(Text1. Text) End If rs1. MoveNext Wend End Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Set db = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"save. mdb†) Set rs = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select distinct itemname from Table1 â€Å") rs. MoveFirst While Not rs. EOF Combo1. AddItem rs! itemname rs. MoveNext Wend End Sub Purchase Product Coding Dim style As VbMsgBoxStyle Dim result As VbMsgBoxResult Dim db As Database Dim rs As Recordset Dim db1 As Database Dim db4 As Database Dim db2 As Database Dim rs2 As Recordset Dim rs1 As Recordset Dim rs3 As Recordset Dim rs4 As Recordset Dim rs6 As Recordset Private Sub Combo1_Click() Set rs3 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) rs3. MoveFirst While Not rs3. EOF If Combo1. Text = rs3! dealer Then Combo2. AddItem rs3! product ‘Combo3. AddItem rs3! price ‘Combo4. AddItem rs3! Weight End If rs3. MoveNext Wend End Sub Private Sub Combo2_Click() Set rs3 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) rs3. MoveFirst While Not rs3. EOF If Combo2. Text = rs3! product Then Combo3. AddItem rs3! price Combo4. AddItem rs3! Weight End If rs3. MoveNext Wend End Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() On Error Resume Next rs. AddNew rs! dealername = Combo1. Text rs! itemname = Combo2. Text rs! price = Combo3. Text rs! quantity = Text3. Text rs! amount = Text2. Text rs! date1 = Text1. Text rs! time1 = Text4. Text rs! Weight = Combo4. Text rs. Update result = MsgBox(â€Å"Saved Successfully. â€Å", style, â€Å"Supermarket Billing 1. 0†) Unload Me Load Form7 Form7. Show Form7. Move 0, 0 End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Unload Me Load Form7 Form7. Show Form7. Move 0, 0 End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Command5_Click() End Sub Private Sub Command6_Click() rs. Delete End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Command1. Enabled = False Text1. Text = Date Set db1 = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"deal1. mdb†) Set rs1 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) Set rs2 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select distinct dealer from Table1 â€Å") Set rs4 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) ‘Set db4 =apppath+ OpenDatabase(â€Å"c:employee ransaction. mdb†) ‘opens record from transaction database Set db2 = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"save. mdb†) Set rs = db2. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) ‘saves the purchased data to updated data rs2. MoveFirst While Not rs2. EOF Combo1. AddItem rs2! dealer rs2. MoveNext Wend End Sub Private Sub Text1_Change() End Sub Private Sub Text2_Change() Command1. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Text3_Change() Text2. Text = Val(Combo3. Text) * Val(Text3. Text) End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() Text4. Text = Time End Sub Add New Product Coding Dim db1 As Database Dim rs1 As Recordset Dim rs2 As Recordset Dim i As Integer Private Sub Command1_Click() rs1! code = Text1. Text rs1! dealer = Combo1. Text rs1! product = Text5. Text rs1! price = Text6. Text rs1! Weight = Text2. Text rs1. Update Command1. Enabled = False Command3. Enabled = True Text1. Text = â€Å"† Text5. Text = â€Å"† Text6. Text = â€Å"† Text2. Text = â€Å"† Combo1. Clear End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() i=i+1 Text1. Text = i rs1. AddNew Text1. Enabled = False Combo1. Enabled = True Text5. Enabled = True Text6. Enabled = True Text2. Enabled = True Command1. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Command3. Enabled = True Command1. Enabled = False Text1. Enabled = False ‘saving the current records Set db1 = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"deal1. db†) Set rs1 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) ‘calling the dealer name field from other database Set db = OpenDatabase(App. Path + â€Å"deal. mdb†) Set rs2 = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select name from Table1†) rs2. MoveFirst While Not rs2. EOF Combo1. AddItem rs2! Name rs2. MoveNext Wend rs1. MoveLast Text1. Text = rs1! code i = rs1! code End Sub Add a Dealer Coding Dim db1 As Database Dim rs1 As Recordset Dim rs2 As Recordset Dim i As Integer Private Sub Command1_Click() rs1! code = Text1. Text rs1! dealer = Combo1. Text rs1! product = Text5. Text rs1! price = Text6. Text rs1! Weight = Text2. Text rs1. Update Command1. Enabled = False Command3. Enabled = True Text1. Text = â€Å"† Text5. Text = â€Å"† Text6. Text = â€Å"† Text2. Text = â€Å"† Combo1. Clear End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() i=i+1 Text1. Text = i rs1. AddNew Text1. Enabled = False Combo1. Enabled = True Text5. Enabled = True Text6. Enabled = True Text2. Enabled = True Command1. Enabled = True End Sub View Sold Stock Coding Dim db As Database Dim db1 As Database Dim db2 As Database Dim rs As Recordset Dim rs1 As Recordset Dim rs2 As Recordset Dim rs3 As Recordset Dim rs4 As Recordset Dim style As VbMsgBoxStyle Dim result As VbMsgBoxResult Private Sub Combo1_Click() Set rs1 = db. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select * from Table1 â€Å") Text2. Text = â€Å"† rs1. MoveFirst While Not rs1. EOF If Combo1. Text = rs1! product Then Text2. Text = Val(rs1! quantity) + Val(Text2. Text) End If rs1. MoveNext Wend Set rs2 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Table1†) Set rs2 = db1. OpenRecordset(â€Å"Select * from Table1 â€Å") Text1. Text = â€Å"† rs2. MoveFirst While Not rs2. EOF If Combo1. Text = rs2! itemname Then Text1. Text = Val(rs2! quantity) + Val(Text1. Text) End If rs2. MoveNext Wend Text3. Text = Val(Text1. Text) – Val(Text2. Text) If Val(Text3. Text) How to cite Automation Billing System, Essay examples

Gender Relations in Efuru Essay Example For Students

Gender Relations in Efuru Essay In Efuru, Flora Nwapa put a lot of emphasis in marriage and procreation. Both of these aspects are indispensable in creating new family units and in increasing the population of the family or lineage. Nwapa is reflecting, in Efuru, the situation, as it exists in her society. Children are greatly valued in Efuru. Each marriage is expected to produce many siblings, both male and female (with preference for a male). In Igbo culture, the most important reason for marriage is procreation. Even in marriages where love is the main attraction that brings couples together, the desire to have children is always the ultimate goal. This is the reason why most marriages, including those that are built on affection, crumble or are seriously threatened when they are not blessed with children. Why do everyday Igbo woman, whether married or unmarried, have a strong desire to have a child?The concern with procreation is not limited to the marriage couple. It is their relatives, friends, and neighbors who first express these concerns when the woman has not become pregnant. A year after their first marriage, Efuru and Adizua (in her first marriage)-and she and Eneberi (in her second marriage)-are still enjoying new and fresh marital life when gossip spreads about Efurus barrenness, among her female neighbors, as anxious gossips are made over the fact that she has not had any children:Seeing them together is not the important thing,another said. The important thing is that nothinghas happened since the happy marriage. We are not going to eat happy marriage. Marriage must be fruit-ful. Of what use is it if it is not fruitful. Of what useis it if your husband licks your body, worships youand buys everything in the market for you and you An important role that women play in the family is the upbringing and nurturing of children. This role limits, confines, and domesticates women. It also distracts women from achieving higher goals or roles for themselves. In Efuru, Flora Nwapa constantly refers to the proper upbringing of children; especially girls who are expected to become wives and mothers. Amede, Efurus mother-in-law and her friend, Omirima, express their disappointment with Ogea when Amede complains:It is that silly girl, Ogea. She washed my wrappersand all of them will have to be washed again becausethere is still black soap on all of them. How is it thata grown-up girl like that is not able to wash clothesproperly? How can she live in a mans house?'(181)Thats what I keep on saying, children of these days are no good. How men of today marry them is what This part of the book makes someone ask themselves: If motherhood is so vital to the mental health of the African woman, why does Flora Nwapa punish the heroine, Efuru, with the malignant trauma of childlessness? The pain of infertility is inflicted in Efuru. As I have read as well, in some of the websites that I have visited dedicated to Flora Nwapa, this pain is inflicted in most of her independent and assertive women in four of her novels: Efuru and Idu, Amaka in One is Enough, and Rose in Women Are Different. When these women eventually conceive a child, it brings about a lot of difficulty to them and doesnt bring about total satisfaction. Perhaps the Lake Goddess is responsible for the fact that these women do not have children, the state that they eventually find themselves in. I say this because it is strange that the women who either worship her or share her attributes-long hair, beauty, wealth, and independent spirit are the women that do not have children or are not capable of being mothers. .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b , .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .postImageUrl , .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b , .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:hover , .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:visited , .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:active { border:0!important; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:active , .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubab04261deadac818027e2104895400b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kings Works-An Analysis Essay Omirima states in Efuru that Uhamiris worshippers mostly are without children:How many women in this town who worship Uhamiri have children?All right lets countthem: Ogini Azogu, she counted off one finger, she had a son before she became a worshipper ofUhamiri. Since then she has not got another child. Two, Nwanyafor Ojimba, she has no child at all. Three, Uzoechi Negenege, no child. They are allover the place. Why do we bother ourselves count-Efurus mother only had Efuru, and Efuru losses Ogonim, her only child. Uhamari, The Lake Goddess, is barren and her state justifies the others. The fact that she does not have any children and is very wealthy, have a structural and thematic relevance to the lives and experiences on Efuru. The concern shown by mothers and elders in Igbo society underscores how seriously they take the socialization of young people to proper behavior. Women always express these concerns and they also enforce the code. This means that women are kind of the custodians of tradition. They also guard these traditions to kind of a ridiculous extent when you think about it. An example is when Ajanupu insists that Nkonyeni should greet her and Efuru warmly, than how she had originally greeted them (174), and the time that Omirima censures her daughter-in-law for trying to protect her children from yaws by sending Omi rimas daughter away (174). I think that what Flora Nwapa is trying to convey in Efuru is that children alone do not bring about happiness or self-fulfillment to women. In Efuru, Uhamiri is said to be happy even though she doesnt have a child. She is probably consoling those women in Igbo society that cannot have children and are barren, by relating how happy The Lake Goddess is even though she cannot have children. It is as if Flora Nwapa is saying that there are other factors to happiness. Companionship and love in marriage are as important as motherhood, if not even more. Originally, a marriage fails or succeeds depending on the circumstances that affect it. Childlessness, in Igbo society and in Efuru, is one aspect to a marriage that fails but there are other aspects to consider, like neglect, incompatibility, lack of trust, and unfaithfulness. Efurus marriages fail because her husbands are unfaithful, ungrateful, and irresponsible where she is concerned. Efuru survives her failed marriages. After her marri ages end she gains strength and an increase in her stature. She eventually finds fulfillment in her worship of Uhamiri. As well, her business expertise and strength of her character enables her to leave her husbands and continue with her life. Her marriages to both of her husbands were her choice and she doesnt blame anyone but herself. She offers a life of service to her community; an example would be when she helps those that have felt ill by calling on the doctor for them, and her worship of the Lake Goddess. Throughout all her trial and tribulations Efuru had the support of those in her age group. Throughout her ordeal those of her age group advised her to have patience with Adizua. She felt like it was up to her to terminate her marriage to him when it becomes burdensome as well as destructive to her. She remains self-reliant and independent in her action though. In Efuru, Flora Nwapa illustrates to us the traditional Igbo woman and their relentless capacity to survive despite all the odds that are against them and their determination to achieve economic independence and a measure of fulfillment as human beings in their communities. To me, the Lake Goddess is kind of used to criticize the tradition that values women as only being useful for the sake of procreation rather than a human being with aspirations to attain self-fulfillment and independence. The image of the goddess symbolizes the potential of Igbo womanhood. They can aspire and achieve great things in life; they are not only here on this earth for the sake of procreation. All women are not only here on this earth for the sake of procreation. It also represents the glory and beauty of womanhood. The Lake Goddess gives women the power to aspire, whether its economic aspirations, political aspirations, or social aspirations. Bibliography:Works Cited1. Nwapa, Flora. Efuru. Great Britain . Heinemann Publishers. 1966.